International Laboratory of Light-Matter Coupling in Nanostructures

Transport properties of two- dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in nanostructures exposed to a high-frequency electromagnetic field have been studied in the deep past and taken deserved place in textbooks. However, the most attention in previous studies on the subject was paid to the regime of weak light-matter coupling. Following the conventional terminology of quantum optics, in this regime an electron energy spectrum is assumed to be unperturbed by photons. Correspondingly, the weak electron-photon interaction results only to electron transitions between unperturbed electron states, which are accompanied by absorption and emission of photons. As a consequence, the regime of weak electron-photon coupling in solids leads to photovoltaic effects, high-frequency conductivity and other well-known electronic transport phenomena which are accompanied with absorption of field energy by conduction electrons.